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Abbreviations RIRI: Renal ischemiareperfusion injury I/R: Ischemiareperfusion AKI: Acute kidney injury CKD: Chronic kidney disease NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent OH: Scavenges hydroxyl radical (O 2 ): Superoxide anion radical CeO NPs: Cerium oxide nanoparticles ETC: Electron transport chain mPTP: Mitochondrial permeability transition pore GSH-Px: Glutathione peroxidase MDA: Malondialdehyde 4-HNE: 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal DAMPs: Damage-associated molecular patterns HMGB1: High-mobility group box 1 PRRs: Pattern recognition receptors TLRs: Toll-like receptors vWF: Von Willebrand factor NO: nitric oxide MAC: Membrane attack complex ET-1: Endothelin-1 DISC: Death-inducing signaling complex FADD: Fas-associated death domain protein eNOS: endothelial nitric oxide synthase\ SCr: Serum creatinine BUN: Blood urea nitrogen RA: Rosmarinic acid EC: Ethyl caffeate HBA: hydroxybenzyl alcohol UDCA: Ursodeoxycholic acid VA: vanillin sGC: soluble guanylate cyclase PDE-3: phosphodiesterase-3 PEG: Polyethylene glycol Treg: T cells ILC2: Type 2 innate lymphoid cells PS: Phosphatidylserine MG: Magnolol EBS: Ebselen GFR: Glomerular filtration rate PDA: Polydopamine OGD/R: Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation KIM-1: Kidney injury molecule-1 PPAR: Proliferator-activated receptor alpha FR: Folate receptor HSA: Human serum albumin PAR: Protease-activated receptor AdEPCs: Adipose-derived endothelial progenitor cells TEC: Tubular epithelial cell PDA: Polydopamine LIP: Labile iron pool BSA: Bovine serum albumin RONS: Nitrogen free radicals FR: Folate receptor CS: Chondroitin sulfate CLT: Celastrol RNS: Reactive nitrogen species CUR: Curcumin NGAL: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin Cys C: Cystatin C SPR: Surface plasmon resonance POCT: Point-of-care testing MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging SPIO: Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells GBCAs: Gadolinium-based contrast agents NSF: Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis PFC: Perfluorocarbon RRMNs: Redox-responsive magnetic nanoparticles NIR: Particularly near-infrared MANS: Multifunctional afterglow nanoscale sensors NIR-I/II: Near-infrared v3: alpha v beta3 CEUS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound VCAM-1: Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 ELLA: Enhanced Luminescence Lateral Flow Immunoassay VFA: Vertical flow immunoassay NIR: Near-infrared GBM: Glomerular basement membrane HIRI: Gepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury MANS: Multifunctional afterglow nanosensor CEUS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound References Bonventre JV, Yang L

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