[ref] Circadian control of response to GLP-1: Like many hormones, there is a circadian aspect to GLP-1
CPT1, a key enzyme in TG metabolism, facilitates TG breakdown and maintains normal lipid metabolism [20]
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The levels of incretins including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic hormone rise in response to a meal, and they are rapidly degraded by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) [5]
Additionally, obesity is associated with insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis dysfunction, all of which can suppress testosterone production